1. precarious = insecure, dangerous, unstable, unsafe;
insecure, uncertain, unstable, unpredictable
2. pristine = early, primitive; pure, unspoiled, flawless, immaculate
3. stringent = strict, firm, harsh, rigid, rigorous, severe
4. unwieldy = awkward, clumsy, heavy, massive, ponderous
5. allegiance = loyalty, devotion, faithfulness, fidelity, obedience
6. sophistication = expertise, technology; refinement,
urbanity; experience, worldliness
7. converge = concentrate, come together, meet, move closer, focus
8. discern = identify, observe, distinguish, (e)spy, note, perceive, regard
9. discernible = 1. perceptible, appreciable, detectable, palpable /
2. identifiable, notable, distinguishable
10. give rise to = cause, produce, yield
11. evoke = arouse, bring about, bring to mind, cause,
create in mind, produce, stimulate
12. transplant = displace, place in another context, remove,
shift, transfer, transpose
13. vanish = disappear, lose, clear, evaporate, fade
14. decisive = definitive, important, significant
15. calculatedly = deliberately, purposely
16. random = arbitrary, haphazard, occasional, rampant,
unplanning, unsystematic, unusual
17. renowned = famous, celebrated, eminent, notable,
preeminent, prominent, well-known
18. undisputed = accepted by everyone, accepted as true,
acknowledged, no doubt, admitted, indisputable, incontrovertible
19. constellation = collection, combination
20. demise = decline, decrease, disappearance, end, death, passing
21. prowess = expertise, ability, capability, capacity, mastery,
proficiency, skill; ambition, audacity, bravery,
boldness, courage, daring
22. appreciate = recognize, understand, acknowledge,
be aware of, be conscious of, comprehend, realize;
value, review, admire, respect
23. diverge = move apart, separate, divide, split;
be different, differ, disagree
24. embellish = make attractive, adorn, decorate, ornament
25. endow = give, grant, provide, accord, ward,
bestow, confer; donate
IELTS 단어 정리 ( 8/9 )